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This study observed the effect of fluoride application on a 37% phosphoric acid etching for 20 s of the enamel surfaces of primary and permanent teeth based on a clinical protocol employed in dental hospitals, through atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Enamel samples were prepared from 84 exfoliated and noncarious teeth. Primary (groups 1–4) and permanent (groups 5–8) tooth...
In this paper, multiphoton microscopy (MPM), based on two‐photon excited fluorescence and second harmonic generation signals, was used to image microstructures of human rectal mucosa and submucosa. The morphology and distribution of the main components in mucosa layer, goblet cells, intestinal glands, and a little collagen fibers have been clearly monitored, and the content and distribution of collagen,...
Some techniques and instruments like stereomicroscopy and confocal microscopy used for observing neural cells are too complicated and dependent on preparation and cell fixation methods. This may question the results of these methods. Though, we have used scanning electron microscopy on replicated specimens to observe p19 neural cells and their cellular extensions. This manuscript has shown the feasibility...
Incorporating an organic fluorescence agent into nanoparticles can significantly promote its fluorescent efficiency. In this article, a novel fluorescein isothiocyanate labeling aminated agarose (FITC‐AA) was synthesized and tested as an effective fluorescent labeling agent. FITC‐AA could spontaneously form nanoparticles with a diameter less than 200 nm below 37°C due to gelling effect of the agarose...
We applied a novel silanized mica substrate with an extremely flat surface constructed according to Sasou et al. (Langmuir19, 9845–9849 (2003)) to high‐resolution detection of a specific gene on a DNA fiber by scanning near‐field optical/atomic force microscopy (SNOM/AFM). The interaction between the substrate and fluorescence‐dye conjugated peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes, which causes fluorescence...
At present, applying a near‐field optical microscope to photolithographic line segment fabrication can only obtain nanoscale line segments of equal cutting depths, and cannot result in 3D shape fabrication. This study proposes an innovative line segment fabrication model of near‐field photolithography that adjusts an optical fiber probe's field distance to control the exposure energy density, and...
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